Fundamentals of acoustical oceanography

Acoustical Oceanography and Shallow Water Acoustics

In this paper, we review some recent new results in shallow, coastal waters from both ocean acoustics (the study of how sound propagates and scatters in the ocean) and acoustical oceanography (the study of ocean processes using acoustics as a tool).

OCEANOGRAPHY Jacques

Progress in Oceanography

Marine ecosystems were among the first to provide potential examples of multiple stable states. However, remarkably few of these have been explored in detail, and none have been rigorously confirmed. This may be because differences between alternative states are too subtle to document in the context of regular disturbance, because one state is naturally far more likely to occur than any other, ...

1 Meteorology and Oceanography

Oceanography Division NRL / PP /

In order to automatically enhance and restore images, especially those taken from underwater environments where scattering and absorption by the medium strongly influence the imaging results even within short distances, it is critical to have access to an objective measure of the quality of images obtained. This contribution presents an approach to measure the sharpness of an image based on the...